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مهرهای اشکانی: نگرشی بر سبک هنری و کارکرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروۀ باستان‌شناسی دانشکدۀ هنر و معماری دانشگاه بوعلی سینای همدان

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروۀ باستان‌شناسی دانشکده هنر و معماری دانشگاه بوعلی سینای همدان

3 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد باستان‌شناسی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

مهرها می­توانند به شناسایی جنبه­های تاریکی از یک دورۀ فرهنگی کمک کنند.مهرها و گِل­مهرهای اشکانی علاوه بر نقش مهمی که در رابطه با تجارت جامعه داشته­اند، برای شناسایی هنر و فرهنگ این دوره نیز مهم می­باشند. صرفاً در معدودی از محوطه­های این دوران که گزارش آنها منتشر شده یا بر اساس آثار اندک آنها در مجموعه­ها و موزه­ها، معرفی مختصری از مهرهای این دوره به عمل آمده است. بنابراین هدف از پژوهش حاضرمعرفی مهرها و گِل­مهرهای اشکانی، نقوش حک­شده بر آنها، و پی بردن به نقش کارکردی آنهاست. اغلب تفکیک مهرها و اثر مهرهای دوره­های سلوکی و اشکانی از هم مشکل می­باشد. طرح مهرهای اشکانی از سنت هخامنشی، یونان، سبک حیوانات آسیای مرکزی و سبک­های محلی ملهم است. موتیف­های رایج مهرها، نیم­تنۀ انسان، موجودات افسانه­ای بالدار، انسان تمام­قد، انسان سوارکار و گوزن است که مرتبط با نظام اداری و تجارت و حمل‌ونقل کالا و امور مذهبی‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Parthian Seals: A Review of Artistic Style and Functional Role

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yaghuob Mohamadifar 1
  • Yadolah Heydari 2
  • Maryam_ Dowlati 3

1 Associate Professor of Archaeology Archaeology, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan

2 Ph. D Candedet of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan

3 M. A. Archaeology University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

Seals can help to identify the unknown aspects a culture. Parthian seals and bullaes not only have played an important role in business in the community, but also they are important to identify the art and culture of this period. Except a few reports about Parthian site and a few works that can be found in collections and museums little has been written with regard to the seals of this period. Therefore, the aim of the present study is the introduction of Parthian seals and Bullae, the designs carved on them and understanding their functional role. The results show that make a distinction between the bullaes and seals of Seleucid and those of Parthian periods is often difficult. Parthian seals are inspired by the traditions of Achaemenid, Greece, Central Asia animals and the local styles. Common motifs of the seals are human bust, winged mythical creatures, full-length human, horseman and deer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Seal
  • Bullae
  • Parthian
  • Administrative System
  • Effect
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پژوهش های ایران شناسی
دوره 3، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
اسفند 1392
صفحه 93-112
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