Iranian Studies - Articles List

Dervish Study of the Qajar Era from the Perspective of Travelogues of European Travelers

Amir Pourrastegar

Volume 13, Issue 1 , June 2023, , Pages 57-74

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2022.347403.1146

Abstract

European's travelogues are important in understanding "another view", in anthropology and cultural-social history studies area. Sufism and Dervishes are one of the prominent topics ... Read More

Synesthesia types in Hafez's sonnets

Abdul Reza Seif; Milad Movahedi rad; Aliasghar Eskandari

Volume 13, Issue 1 , June 2023, , Pages 75-92

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2022.351078.1169

Abstract

Synesthesia (sensualism) is a kind of deviation from the norm of meaning, which by breaking the normal system of words and creating a concept contrary to the habit, creates literary ... Read More

Revelry or love? (Study of the most important characteristics of love in Farrokhi Sistani's Tashbib poems)

hossein hassanrezaei

Volume 13, Issue 1 , June 2023, , Pages 93-111

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2022.338533.1086

Abstract

"love" is one of the most frequent words, in Iran and world literature. Because most people, experience love, One of the most common themes in art and literature is love. Persian literature, ... Read More "love" is one of the most frequent words, in Iran and world literature. Because most people, experience love, One of the most common themes in art and literature is love. Persian literature, from the beginning until today, has expressed the love in forms such as Couplet-poem, Ghazel, story. Persian literature before the form of "lyric" has used "Tashbib" of ode’s to express the emotion of love. Although the poets of odes have written about various topics such as description of nature, youth, wind, etc., but "love" is one of the most important themes of odes, especially in Farrokhi Sistani's odes. Among Khorasani style poets, Farrokhi Sistani has more romantic Tashbib poems And more than other poets of this era, is known as tashbib poetry. Considering these factors, the present article try to examines different aspects of love in Farokhi's tashbib poems. First, The relationship between love and literatur, Farrokhi's position in Persian lyrical poetry, the effect of relationship with the court on praised’s preference for the beloved expressed. Then, the "Turkic race" of the beloved and his dual duty, military and charming, is examined. Pederasty and pedophilia and its causes are the subject of the next study. In the following, the reduction of love to mere sexual desire and sometimes even its tendency towards sexual deviations such as sexual addiction in Farrokhi's tashbib poems has been studied. The article ends with mentioning other important features of love in this period, such as realism, rationalistic view to love, simplicity of language and thought. The present article, which is written by descriptive-analytical method, In the end, concludes that Farrokhi, in his tashbib poems, expresses physically, happily, pederasty and hedonistically love, under the influence of personal and political-socio factors, such as hedonistic nature, luxury and prosperity, the abundance of Turkish beauties and the "tradition" of pedophilia in that period.

Kuh-e-Rahmat inscription (newly found)

Mojtaba Doroodi; Mohammad Javad Owladhoseyn

Volume 11, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 1-16

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2021.328580.1020

Abstract

Kuh-e Rahmat is the name of a mountain located in the eastern part of Marvdasht city. Numerous ancient monuments can be seen in this mountain, the most important of which is undoubtedly ... Read More

Investigation the effect of duality on the ethics of Zoroastrian religion

sayyes saeid reza montazery; Moslem Rezvani

Volume 11, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 17-35

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2021.320762.969

Abstract

Dualism idea is one of the most important ideas in Zoroastrianism that has put in the centrality of cosmology in this religion. This idea has attempted to describe and divide the World ... Read More Dualism idea is one of the most important ideas in Zoroastrianism that has put in the centrality of cosmology in this religion. This idea has attempted to describe and divide the World into two origins namely good and evil that contrast with each other. Dualism is an idea that has anticipated to be presented in all levels and structures of this religion like system of morality. In this paper, we have attempted to survey the influence of this idea on the system of morality in Zoroastrianism by adopting two approaches: Text-based approach and logical approach. In Text- based approach, we have regarded to survey of similarities and coexistences in the Text, between Dualism and concepts of morality. By adopting of this approach, we can perceive this idea has left its dichotomy among the concepts of morality in different ways and has oriented toward itself. Because a discussion about the lack of relation between descriptive and morality propositions always challenges the relationship between moral principles and cosmology of a religion، this topic has been regarded as a second approach in order to survey the issue in this paper. In this approach, we have considered the logical relation between the concepts of morality and Dualism as an idea that attempts to describe the World in a special method. In one hand, if we consider the influence as a deduction of cosmology propositions and in the other hand, the logical relation has not been existed between (ought and is), on the basis of this, any kind of relation and assumption of the influence between cosmology of Dualism and morality on the behalf of authors of these Texts and Founders has considered, it has been on the basis of logical fault and sophistry (is and ought). Although with comprehensive look on the historical process of Zoroastrian ethics، we can find out the deep influence of dualism on morality principles in Pahlavi literature unto Old Avesta that has been reduced and we can see a kind of movement toward the severing of the ethics from cosmology principles.

Comparison of Some Ambiguous Words of Plants in Different narrations of Bondahishn and the Results obtained

Parisima Mashayekhi; Farah Zahedi

Volume 11, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 37-47

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2021.327484.1015

Abstract

Bandesh (consisting of two parts, bun meaning beginning and beginning, and dahišn, equivalent to the word dahesh in Persian, means creation, and in general it means beginning ... Read More

Imagology of Qājār era Iranian Culture in travelogue Droville

omid vahdanifar; esmaeil alipoor

Volume 11, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 49-71

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2021.329218.1022

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to examine Iranian Culture in the travelogue Droville, a military adviser to FatAli Shāh. In the present study, the first reports of the French author ... Read More The purpose of this article is to examine Iranian Culture in the travelogue Droville, a military adviser to FatAli Shāh. In the present study, the first reports of the French author are classified into three levels: "Positive Paradigms", "Negative Paradigms" and "Neutral Paradigms". Then below each class, has been analyzed the images presented on the basis of the components of homogeneity, contradiction, generalization, holism and magnification, which are the characteristics of the "imagology approach". Imagology, which is one of the approaches of comparative literature, has an interdisciplinary nature and is therefore linked to cultural studies. The application of this approach in reading travelogues is important in that it can be viewed in terms of "native" culture from the perspective of "other". So there are two main questions in this article: what aspects of Iranian Culture in the Qājār era have been the focus of a French military adviser? How are these cultural images reflected in the above travelogue? This study has been done with a descriptive-analytical method based on imagology approach in comparative literature. The findings of the study indicate that cultural elements were not reflected in the original form in this travelogue. In fact, these images are the transformed form of the author's early data, which has gone through the channel of different ideologies. The cultural imagology of Drouville is sometimes influenced by Western-European ideas and Intertextual relations and often derived from the class cultural geography of the Qājār era society that he interacted with them.Keywords: Imagology, Travelogue, Droville, Iranian Culture, Qājār eraImagology of Qājār era Iranian Culture in travelogue DrovilleThe purpose of this article is to examine Iranian Culture in the travelogue Droville, a military adviser to Fath-Ali Shāh. In the present study, the first reports of the French author are classified into three levels: "Positive Paradigms", "Negative Paradigms" and "Neutral Paradigms". Then below each class, has been analyzed the images presented on the basis of the components of homogeneity, contradiction, generalization, holism and magnification, which are the characteristics of the "imagology approach".

The Alliance of Arsacids with the Sarmatians and Dacians in early second Century CE

Reza Ordou; Roozbeh Zarrinkoob

Volume 11, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 87-111

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2021.328712.1021

Abstract

The nature of the broader geopolitical relationship between the Arsacids with Sarmatians and the Dacian kingdom, in the north and northwestern region of the Black Sea area, in the late ... Read More The nature of the broader geopolitical relationship between the Arsacids with Sarmatians and the Dacian kingdom, in the north and northwestern region of the Black Sea area, in the late first and early second century CE, is a subject that has been mentioned in very few sources regarding the history of the Arsacids. After prolonged conflicts between the Arsacid and Roman empires, the Arsacids eventually could practically rule Armenia in the second half of the first century CE. In the first century CE, Sarmatians made a decisive appearance in the kingdoms north of the Black Sea. At the same time, in the late first century CE, the Dacian kingdom became an influential power in the northwest Black Sea region, troubling the Roman empire on its borders. In the Roman-Dacian wars, the Sarmatians were in alliance with the Dacians. On the other hand, the Dacian king probably was in a friendly relationship with the Arsacids. It appears that these three powers -Arsacids, Sarmatians, and Dacians- were interconnected in their progress toward the west. This research aims to answer the following question: How could the Arsacid Empire manage to establish friendly relations with the peoples of the Caspian-Pontic steppes and Dacian kingdom beyond the Black Sea? In an attempt to answer this question, the demographic composition of the northern half of the Black Sea, along with the regional power structures present, will be considered. The historical context between the Arsacids, Sarmatians, and the Dacians, along with their mutual allies in the first and early second century CE, will be considered. To Conclude, controlling Armenia by the Arsacids from mid-first century CE, for almost five decades, and also a significant influx of the Sarmatians, who had kinship and commercial communication with the Arsacids, into the states of the northern half of the Black Sea, simultaneously in this period, caused the formation of an alliance between the Arsacids and Dacians via Sarmatians.

Dasātīrian System of the World in Philosophy Context

Amin Shahverdi

Volume 11, Issue 1 , September 2021, , Pages 61-47

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2021.321204.973

Abstract

In the first section of the Mahābād’s letter which has been located at the beginning of Dasātīr, a blueprint of world is presented which is influenced by Peripatetic doctrines. ... Read More

Expansion of a Narrative and Role of This in the Correction and Report of Hemistich in Shahnameh

خلیل کهریزی

Volume 11, Issue 1 , September 2021, , Pages 79-94

Abstract

The spread of national narrations is common in the history of their narration and writings. Sometimes this expansion is done with the aim of explaining and interpreting a sentence or ... Read More

Oriental Studies and Orientalists from Kasravi’s Point of View

Mahdi Asadi; Parviz Hossein talaee; Ali akbar Mesgar

Volume 10, Issue 2 , January 2021, , Pages 1-20

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2021.306391.885

Abstract

From the early modern period and with the beginning of the political domination of the West in different parts of the world, including the East, the traditional interactions of East ... Read More From the early modern period and with the beginning of the political domination of the West in different parts of the world, including the East, the traditional interactions of East and West turned to new issues, and the need to know about new places was considered by Europeans for various reasons. From the seventeenth century onwards, there has been a close connection between Orientalism, as a profession and occupation, and the expansion of European trade, and eventually between imperialism and colonialism. With this approach, their view of other civilizations, especially the Orientals, changed with a sense of superiority and the need to dominate them. Eastern thinkers came up with different ways of dealing with the West. Although the critique of Orientalism began methodically after World War II, the grounds for this critique date back to before World War I and the emergence of national movements in the East. The purpose of these movements was to challenge the political and cultural hegemony of the West. Kasravi’s thoughts were formed at such a time; he was the first researcher in Iran and the East to deal with the issue of Orientalism, although not in a methodical and coherent way. Kasravi’s method of struggle in both areas was somewhat different from the others. It was during this literary struggle that he realized the nature of the research of some Orientalists on the issue of colonialism. The present study seeks to determine what approach Kasravi took in relation to Orientalist studies. The findings of the research show that Kasravi criticized Oriental studies and Orientalists in two respects. First, pointed out the fundamental flaws in the achievements of the West in order to free Iranians of the feeling of shame. Second, he expounded on the relation between Orientalism and colonialism, claiming these scholars to be keeping the Iranians in the past to preserve the domination of the colonial governments.

Manifestation of the Concept of Iran in the Ilkhanid Era (According to the Historical Epics)

Mahshid Gohari Kakhki; Mohammad Jafar Yahaghi

Volume 10, Issue 2 , January 2021, , Pages 181-203

https://doi.org/10.22059/jis.2021.309544.903

Abstract

After the establishment of the Ilkhanid government, for the first time since the fall of the Sassanids, the name of Iran was revived as a land with political and geographical independence, ... Read More After the establishment of the Ilkhanid government, for the first time since the fall of the Sassanids, the name of Iran was revived as a land with political and geographical independence, and the Ilkhanate were called the rulers of the vast land of Iran from Jeyhun to the Euphrates. This issue has been mentioned in the histories of the Ilkhanid period. This research studies how the concept of Iran is represented in the important historical epics of the Ilkhanid era, namely Homayoonnameh, Changizi Shahnameh, Zafarnameh, Shahanshahnameh, to determine how much the poets of these historical epics tried to call the realm of the Ilkhanid Iran. The results of this study show that in these poems there are two different attitudes towards Iran: in Shahnameh, Zafarnameh and Shahanshahnameh, the domain of the Ilkhanid rulers is often called Iran and its borders as from Jeyhun to Rome and Egypt. Furthermore, the Ilkhanid rulers are introduced as Iranian kings who defend the borders of Iran. But in Homayoonnameh such examples are rarely seen. It seems that the most important reason for Homayoonnameh’s different approach is that this poem was written early in the formation of the Ilkhanid government, when the concept of Iran and Iranian identity were still less considered; but the composition of the other three poems was done in the period of stability of this dynasty. The personal views of the poets are also influential in their approaches. The main purpose of Zajaji was to narrate the history of Islam, but Kashani, Mostufi and Tabrizi included their Iranianist views in interpreting historical events. These two different and meaningful approaches in these poems show that the poets have consciously and purposefully used the name of Iran in their works. In addition, the results of the research prove that in the period of stabilization of the Ilkhanid rule, Iran was once again recognized as an independent territory with certain geographical borders, which the kings knew their duty to defend against the invading enemies.

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Volume 14 (2024)

Volume 13 (2023)

Volume 12 (2022)

Volume 11 (2021)

Volume 10 (2020)

Volume 9 (2019)

Volume 8 (2018)

Volume 7 (2017)

Volume 6 (2016)

Volume 5 (2016)

Volume 4 (2015)

Volume 3 (2014)

Volume 2 (2013)

Volume 1 (2011)

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