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hasan Atash Ab parvar; mohamadkarim yousefjamali; Esmaeil sangari; shokouh alsadat Arabi hashemi
Abstract
How the universe was originally created and the creation of natural elements and their fit with numbers has always been of human interest. Although the myths of creation reflect the mindset of primitive man, they often seek a purposeful structure. With the importance and role that water has in life and ...
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How the universe was originally created and the creation of natural elements and their fit with numbers has always been of human interest. Although the myths of creation reflect the mindset of primitive man, they often seek a purposeful structure. With the importance and role that water has in life and has caused it to play a special role in the beliefs of all nations, a group of ancient tribes sought the origin of all creation in water. The existence of water at the beginning of creation based on ancient Iranian texts has always been considered and in the belief of the ancient Iranians, the creation of water takes place after the sky. In pre-Zoroastrian religions and also in Zoroastrian religion, water has always been sacred and goddesses and goddesses were in charge of protecting and guarding it. A significant part of the myths of ancient Iranian religions is dedicated to water. In the cultural and biological system of the early periods of life, humans used special methods to recognize and introduce the phenomena of existence, one of which is myth. Myths are among the first arguments and cognitive explanations of early humans to determine the nature and location of the available and unknown elements of nature, and they include part of the human cognitive system in the beginning of mankind. This research has studied and analyzed the role of sacred numbers three and seven in the creation of waters with a descriptive and analytical approach. The results of the research indicate that numbers influence nature and the objects under their control, and in this way they mediate between God and the world of creation. In between, the number three is more spiritual and has a role in religious belief and Yazidi and good affairs, and the number seven is more material and sometimes spiritual in the creation of water.
Mohammad Hasan Jalalian Chaleshtari
Abstract
Despite the few data about Mardâs in Shâhnâme, the very high attention of scholars to him and his name is indebted to the importance of his son, Zahhâk, in Iranian mythology. The lack of any information about this personality in Avesta, ambiguity of written forms of his name in ...
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Despite the few data about Mardâs in Shâhnâme, the very high attention of scholars to him and his name is indebted to the importance of his son, Zahhâk, in Iranian mythology. The lack of any information about this personality in Avesta, ambiguity of written forms of his name in Pahlavi script in middle Persian texts, multiplicity of the recorded forms in Islamic texts and also the similarity of the written and probably phonetic forms of this name in Shâhnâme and the Arabic personal name are the issues which make Mardâs and his name more and more ambiguous. In Vedic myths Zahhâkʼs equivalent is viśvarūpa. This latterʼs father, tvaṣṭṛ, is a deity. The vast mythology of this god can partly compensate our lack of information about Mardâs. In this article attempts has been made to provide a more precise view about Mardâs and his name by reviewing the data related to this person in Vedic texts on the one hand and surveying the recorded forms in middle Persian and Islamic texts and also by criticizing the previous views.
