Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Aref Azizpour Shoubi ¹
• Ahad Nejad Ebrahimi ²
• Yaser Shahbazi ¹

¹ Tabriz Islamic Art University

² Professor of Tabriz Islamic Art University

Abstract

Geometry plays an integral role in the architectural production of all cultures, either consciously or inadvertently. The Islamic scholars classified it into different categories. In the treatises of scholars and professionals, volume geometry was one of the manifestations of this science. Due to the development of mathematical sciences in Islamic societies, their appearance in the architecture of the Islamic world has been more complex. Understanding the relationship between the thinking about volume and geometry among Muslim mathematicians in different eras is important for understanding the geometry of volume in Iranian architectural works. The time period of this research is focused on the beginning of Islam until the 5th century of Hijri. As far as the purpose of this research is concerned, it belongs to the basic-theoretical category. Interpretive-historical research has been used to answer the following questions: The science of geometry is classified as a science according to what basis? How have Muslim mathematicians viewed volume geometry in light of the classification of geometry science? Al-Farabi's classified geometry into theory and practice, And Akhwan al-Safa attribute mystical aspects to Pythagorean thinking in classifying Geometry. Both categories, however, share a common application of geometry in theory and practice, which in the Islamic period was used to build Islamic civilization by applying theoretical topics to practical situations. The emphasis on practice in the classification of sciences during the Islamic period has been due to the importance of the application of theoretical sciences in practice. This importance transformed the view of volume geometry from theoretical topics, such as creating volumes of the universe, in addition to philosophical, trigonometric, computational, and conic theoretical foundations. The volume calculation was developed from a comparative method to numerical calculations because of the link that geometry is created with industry. References to volume ranged from sculptures to spatial dimensions.

Keywords

• geometry
• architectural geometry
• volume geometry
• theoretical and practical geometry
• perceptible and reasonable geometry

Main Subjects

• history of Islam