Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
shahed university
Abstract
Introduction: Rhetoric is the art of effective communication, tailored to the audience's situation and status. The term "speech" encompasses all verbal and semantic components, including its constituent parts.
Purpose:This research aimed to explore the functions and rhetorical capacities of pronouns within the context of Zahhak's story, specifically in relation to the interaction between verbs and pronouns. The goal is to identify the specific functions and rhetorical capacities employed by Ferdowsi.
Research method:This study utilizes a descriptive-analytical approach and employs rhetorical criticism.
Findings and conclusion: This research explores the rhetorical capacities and functions of pronouns in Ferdowsi's story of Zahhak. It identifies two main areas where the pronoun's rhetorical capacity is developed: the interaction between pronouns and verbs, and the phonetic layer of speech. In the former, pronouns are used as adverbial complements of verbs and in syntactic shifts from nouns to verbs, satisfying both syntactic and semantic needs while inducing desired effects on the audience. In the latter, pronouns affect the formation of a specific phonetic environment in speech. The study concludes that pronouns play a significant role in the rhetorical efficacy of the story, serving various rhetorical and semantic purposes. Another function of pronouns in this story is to demonstrate their role in "binding the predicate" to convey certainty. Pronouns also play a role in various rhetorical processes at the phonetic level of speech. These processes include the "settling" of pronouns and their impact on creating a specific phonetic atmosphere in speech. This serves to convey the intended meaning and concept of the theologian, as well as reflect their discontent and dissatisfaction towards the events described in the verse, or the behavior of the characters that lead to these events. Another group of rhetorical processes of the pronoun in this story has been realized in the phonetic level or layer of speech, both in terms of the process of "pronoun settlement" and in the form of the pronoun's effect on the formation of an especial phonetic environment in speech.
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