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Ahmad Heidari
Abstract
Courtyard, corridor and iwan are among the elements that have played an important role in information the living spaces of a residential unit, both private and public. The public part of a structure is known as the porch and exterior, and its function has been a place to receive an official guest or ...
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Courtyard, corridor and iwan are among the elements that have played an important role in information the living spaces of a residential unit, both private and public. The public part of a structure is known as the porch and exterior, and its function has been a place to receive an official guest or a place for ceremonies and public gatherings. In the meantime, the hypostyle design (hypostyle) is one of the elements that was added to some buildings such as Aliaqapo and Chehelston during the reign of Shah Abbas II Safavid and then spread in different forms. The resemblance of the Safavid hypostyle to the general court of the Shah Jahan period, which had become common in India a little earlier, led some scholars to consider the Safavid hypostyle as a representation of the Audience hall Gurkani. The question of this research is why and how hypostyle became popular in Safavid architecture and how was its origin or evolution? This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method. The result of the research shows that hypostyle Mughal Empire is a combination of Achaemenid columned halls and Mandapa of Hindu temples and was first built in India during the Shah Jahan period and then Safavid borrowed from it. This element became desirable in Iranian architecture and in order to create a suitable open and empty space, after the Safavid period in the nave of the mosques of Zandieh and Qajar period, it has been used in a transformed way. The result of the research shows that hypostyle Mughal Empire is a combination of Achaemenid columned halls and Mandapa of Hindu temples and was first built in India during the Shah Jahan period and then Safavid borrowed from it. This element became desirable in Iranian architecture and in order to create a suitable open and empty space, after the Safavid period in the nave of the mosques of Zandieh and Qajar period, it has been used in a transformed way.
Ahmad Heidari
Abstract
Kharg Island is one of the most important islands in the Persian Gulf. Throughout history, it has received attention because of being located on maritime trade routes and thus has numerous historical monuments. There are two important tombs in Kharg Island which are attributed to Palmyrene merchants. ...
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Kharg Island is one of the most important islands in the Persian Gulf. Throughout history, it has received attention because of being located on maritime trade routes and thus has numerous historical monuments. There are two important tombs in Kharg Island which are attributed to Palmyrene merchants. Evidence suggests that the island was inhabited during the Parthian and Sassanid eras and was an important trading and religious center. This research seeks to find out what relation the name Kharg bears to the state of Characene and to whom the graves belong. The article argues that the name Kharg is derived from the word Charax. It also demonstrates that the two large rock-cut tombs of Kharg Island, contrary to popular opinion, do not belong to Palmyrene merchants, but to an Iranian local ruler in the Persian Gulf. The motifs, form and structure of the graves indicate that the Eastern tomb probably is belong to Ananias and Southern tomb is graved in the first half of the second century AD and probably belong to Mithradates, a Parthian prince and ruler of Characene. The name of Kharg Island is also taken from the great king of Characene.
