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Noor al-Din Nemati; Jamal Pirehmard Shotorban
Abstract
The constitutional movement was one of the most decisive events in the history of Iran. One of the consequences of constitutionalism was the formation of associations that worked in various ways to support or criticize the constitution. "Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh" of Tabriz was one of these organizations, ...
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The constitutional movement was one of the most decisive events in the history of Iran. One of the consequences of constitutionalism was the formation of associations that worked in various ways to support or criticize the constitution. "Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh" of Tabriz was one of these organizations, which in 1326 A.H., with the efforts of a group of Tabriz clerics, including Mir Hashem-e Davachi, was established in the vicinity of the gate of Sorkhab and the alley of Davachi/Shotorban. After the parliament was bombed by the king (Muhammad Ali Shah) the association became a supporter of the government. Despite the importance of the subject, so far no independent article has been written about the Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh, and the present article seeks to fill a part of the existing scientific gap. In addition, by criticizing the dominant view of Iran's constitutional history, the article has tried to adopt a new approach to constitutional critic associations, especially Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh, which is based on the review of sources.The establishment, continuity and fall of Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh raises the question of how and with what motivation the association was formed and what role did it play in the developments of Tabriz in the midst of the transition period? in this article, an attempt has been made to answer the above question with a descriptive-analytical approach and using the qualitative research method. The hypothesis of the current research is that Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh, which was formed from the religious, political, social and economic motives of the "Founders of Eslamiyeh", at the beginning of the so called "Estebdad-e Saghir" period, became a center of support for the government of MuhammadAli shah in Tabriz, but the conflict of opinions of the founders of Eslamiyeh along with the resistance of the people of Tabriz and their suspicion of the government forces, paved its way to collapse.AbstractThe constitutional movement was one of the most decisive events in the history of Iran. One of the consequences of constitutionalism was the formation of associations that worked in various ways to support or criticize the constitution. "Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh" of Tabriz was one of these organizations, which in 1326 A.H., with the efforts of a group of Tabriz clerics, including Mir Hashem-e Davachi, was established in the vicinity of the gate of Sorkhab and the alley of Davachi/Shotorban. After the parliament was bombed by the king (Muhammad Ali Shah) the association became a supporter of the government. Despite the importance of the subject, so far no independent article has been written about the Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh, and the present article seeks to fill a part of the existing scientific gap. In addition, by criticizing the dominant view of Iran's constitutional history, the article has tried to adopt a new approach to constitutional critic associations, especially Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh, which is based on the review of sources.The establishment, continuity and fall of Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh raises the question of how and with what motivation the association was formed and what role did it play in the developments of Tabriz in the midst of the transition period? in this article, an attempt has been made to answer the above question with a descriptive-analytical approach and using the qualitative research method. The hypothesis of the current research is that Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh, which was formed from the religious, political, social and economic motives of the "Founders of Eslamiyeh", at the beginning of the so called "Estebdad-e Saghir" period, became a center of support for the government of MuhammadAli shah in Tabriz, but the conflict of opinions of the founders of Eslamiyeh along with the resistance of the people of Tabriz and their suspicion of the government forces, paved its way to collapse.KeywordsConstitutionalism, Tabriz, Anjoman-e Eslamiyeh, Mir Hashem-e Davachi, Estebdad-e Saghir.
Ahmad Pourahmad; Rahmatollah Farhudi; َSaeid Zangane Shahraki; Tahoura Shafaat Gharamaleki
Abstract
A historical texture, or a historic district, is a collection of works by past civilizations that show the value and culture of a city. It presents a diverse set of desirable qualities for the benefit of communities. Urban regeneration seeks to solve problems arising from different dimensions of life. ...
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A historical texture, or a historic district, is a collection of works by past civilizations that show the value and culture of a city. It presents a diverse set of desirable qualities for the benefit of communities. Urban regeneration seeks to solve problems arising from different dimensions of life. Sustainable tourism works in harmony with the environment, community and local cultures and can be a good approach to regeneration. The aim of this research is to find out which types of tourism affect the regeneration of historical textures. To answer this question, the dimensions of urban regeneration and different tourism types are examined. The statistical population of the present study consists of tourism and urban planning experts (university professors) who have the necessary knowledge and expertise in relation to both the theories and the subject of the case study of the research. Since the article does not have a fixed and clear theoretical framework—which is due to the nature and purpose of the research—and because we do not have sufficient knowledge of the number of the members of the statistical population, a combination of non-probabilistic sampling methods such as purposive or judgmental methods (criterion-based), chain (the snowball) and quota and voluntary (available members) is used. The maximum number of people to reach a consensus is set at 30. The results are analyzed by SPSS software using fuzzy Delphi test. Then the relationship of each tourism type with the goals of regeneration of the historical texture is determined. Finally, strategies and policies for the development of tourism types that are more related to the regeneration of historical textures are presented. The results suggest that regeneration of historical textures should prioritize historical (0.072), cultural (0.070), artistic (0.061), creative (0.058), social (0.055), recreational (0.053), and food tourism (0.052) respectively.
