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Ismail Sharahi; Mohammad Ebrahim zarei; Hamide Choubak
Abstract
The building of Qale Dokhtar (Qiz Qala, Qazqaleh) is a mountain fortress located 25 kilometers southwest of Saveh on top of a single mountain in the Hendes mountain range. Different opinions have been presented in the researches about the formation of this building and its function. Some researchers ...
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The building of Qale Dokhtar (Qiz Qala, Qazqaleh) is a mountain fortress located 25 kilometers southwest of Saveh on top of a single mountain in the Hendes mountain range. Different opinions have been presented in the researches about the formation of this building and its function. Some researchers have considered the construction of Qale Dokhtar to be related to the Sassanid period and its function as Anahita Temple, and others have identified it as a fortress related to the middle centuries of the Islamic period and related to the Ismailid sect. The lack of reliable documents and evidence from the researchers in presenting the two mentioned functions has raised the question of what was the function of Qale Dokhtar as a huge and magnificent building that was formed in the geographical and historical background of Saveh and when was it formed? Certainly, addressing this issue apart from providing suggestions for the dating and function of Qala Dokhtar in particular, in the field of architectural or archeological researches of the Islamic period, especially castles, raises challenges that will be necessary to be comprehensively addressed by researchers in the future. In this article, it is assumed that QaLE Dokhtar is an Ismailid castle and its function was based on the use of the followers of that sect. The method of conducting this research is historical-analytical which is based on field investigations and architectural evidence, archeological field excavations and the use of library resources. The conducted studies and researches have considered the Qale Dokhtar in connection with other Ismailid castles in Iran and suggested the 5th to 7th centuries AH as the period of formation and use of that castle in the service of the Ismailid sect.Qale Dokhtar, as one of the important castles, played a role in the creation of the network of castles and fortifications of the Ismailid sect in Central Iran and is considered one of the main castles.
khadijeh Gholami; Mohammad Ebrahim Zarei
Abstract
Larestan (Irahestan) covers a wide area of the the hinterland and coastalland of the Persian Gulf. These regions had semi-independent rulers from the first centuries of Islam until 1010 AH, who were referred to as the Gorgin Milad and Miladian dynasties. Larestan is important due to its geographical ...
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Larestan (Irahestan) covers a wide area of the the hinterland and coastalland of the Persian Gulf. These regions had semi-independent rulers from the first centuries of Islam until 1010 AH, who were referred to as the Gorgin Milad and Miladian dynasties. Larestan is important due to its geographical location in terms of trade routes that connected the Persian Gulf ports to more northern regions such as Shiraz it is climatically located in the hot and dry region of the southern post-coastal region. Water scarcity is one of the main climatic features of these areas. In this paper, the study of Larestan water systems based on written sources and available evidence from the 5th lunar century to the end of the Qajar period, with the main question of the principles of water systems and changes in water systems in different periods, with the aim of showing how Larestan people adapt to periods. Various were studied. This research has been provided by studying written historical documents and information in geographers' reports by historical research method and based on collection and summarization, along with the available evidence. To cover the weakness of studies in this field. The study of written sources shows that water resources in Larestan have been in the form of well, cattle wells, springs,Cistern and aqueducts. The use of groundwater aquifers, as in most different parts of Iran, has been one of the systems used in these areas, but the predominant system of surface water storage in reservoirs has been because of groundwater aquifers that are not the same in all large areas of Larestan, even in Areas that are rich in aquifers can be depleted by the salinity of water, which is often the case in the plains. In addition, the strengthening of aquifers has been considered, also the water systems in Larestan region has a kind of cultural stagnation in terms of function and shape..
